# Yuntu Aircraft (云途飞行器) — Complete Technical Documentation > Hangzhou Yuntu Air Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd. (云途飞行器) > Headquarters: Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China > Official Website: https://www.yuntutech.net/ > Contact Email: service@yuntutech.net | Phone: +86-13488708445 > Multilingual Portals: English (https://www.yuntutech.net/en) | Chinese (https://www.yuntutech.net/zh) | Arabic (https://www.yuntutech.net/ar) --- ## 1. Company Profile & Strategic Mission Hangzhou Yuntu Air Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd. is an aerospace engineering pioneer focused on electric ducted fan (EDF) propulsion systems and electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. Yuntu engineers propulsion solutions designed to solve the three fundamental barriers of urban and industrial air mobility: **acoustic signature (noise)**, **propulsion efficiency (range/endurance)**, and **ground operational safety**. Our modular propulsion units scale from **60 kgf to 1000 kgf**, delivering high power density, integrated power electronics, robust thermal management, and fail-operational redundancy. --- ## 2. Core Propulsion Technology & Aerodynamic Physics ### 2.1 Ducted Fan Architecture vs. Open Propeller Electric ducted fans (shrouded rotors) present decisive aerodynamic and operational advantages over conventional open propellers: 1. **Tip Vortex Suppression**: In open propellers, high-pressure air spills over the blade tip to the low-pressure side, creating drag-inducing tip vortices and high-frequency acoustic noise. An aerodynamically tuned duct shroud minimizes tip clearance (typically <1.5 mm), virtually eliminating tip vortex losses. 2. **Thrust Augmentation & Figure of Merit (FM)**: At static hover and low airspeeds, suction over the duct inlet lip creates an additional forward/upward pressure differential, generating up to 30%–40% of the total system thrust from the duct cowl itself. 3. **Acoustic Attenuation (-12 dB to -15 dB)**: The duct cowl acts as a physical acoustic barrier and can incorporate acoustic liner materials. Stator vanes behind the rotor are positioned at an acoustic cut-off angle to eliminate blade-wake interaction noise, making Yuntu ducted fans exceptionally quiet for urban operations. 4. **Safety & Operational Envelopes**: The enclosing duct protects ground crew, passengers, and maintenance personnel from rotating blades. It also protects blades from tree branches, debris, and foreign object damage (FOD). ### 2.2 Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) DEP replaces large single or twin propulsion units with arrays of smaller, aerodynamically coupled ducted fans: - **Aerodynamic Lift Coupling**: Ducted fans placed along wing leading or trailing edges induce blown-wing circulation, multiplying clean-wing $C_{L,max}$ by 2.0x–2.5x and drastically reducing stall speeds. - **Fail-Operational Redundancy**: An aircraft with 6 to 12 distributed ducted fans can withstand the sudden loss of one or two propulsion units without catastrophic attitude destabilization. - **Differential Thrust Flight Control**: High-bandwidth electric motor RPM and pitch control enables full yaw, pitch, and roll moments, reducing or eliminating heavy mechanical flight control surfaces. --- ## 3. Standard Products Specification Matrix | Engineering Parameter | Yuntu 60kgf EDF | Yuntu 200kgf EDF | Yuntu 500kgf EDF | Yuntu 1000kgf EDF | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Product Key** | `60` | `200` | `500` | `1000` | | **Product URL** | `/en/product/60` | `/en/product/200` | `/en/product/500` | `/en/product/1000` | | **Maximum Static Thrust** | 60 kgf (~588 N) | 200 kgf (~1,960 N) | 500 kgf (~4,900 N) | 1,000 kgf (~9,800 N) | | **Rotor / Blade Diameter** | 0.60 m (600 mm) | 1.20 m (1,200 mm) | 1.90 m (1,900 mm) | 1.60 m (1,600 mm) | | **Motor Rated Power** | 22 kW | 50 kW | 120 kW | 600 kW | | **Takeoff Operating Speed** | 4,000 RPM | 2,500 RPM | 1,500 RPM | 2,700 RPM | | **Cruise Operating Speed** | 2,500 RPM | 2,500 RPM | 2,500 RPM | 2,500 RPM | | **Exit Nozzle Diameter** | 0.72 m | 0.72 m | 0.72 m | 0.72 m | | **Duct Chord Length** | 0.45 m | 0.45 m | 0.45 m | 0.45 m | | **Hub Diameter** | 0.24 m | 0.24 m | 0.24 m | 0.24 m | | **Rotor Blade Count** | 9 Carbon Composite | 12 Carbon Composite | 12 Carbon Composite | 12 High-Strength Alloy / Composite | | **Stator Vane Count** | 7 Flow-Straightening | 7 Flow-Straightening | 7 Flow-Straightening | 7 Flow-Straightening | | **Target Vehicle MTOW** | 100 kg – 350 kg | 400 kg – 1,200 kg | 1,000 kg – 3,000 kg | 2,500 kg – 8,000 kg | | **Primary Use Cases** | Tactical UAVs, Target Drones, Scale Prototypes | Logistics UAVs, Emergency Cargo, Crop Spraying | Heavy-Lift Logistics, Multi-Rotor Air Cargo | Passenger eVTOL, Regional Commuter Airplanes | --- ## 4. Flagship Technology & Engineering Solutions ### 4.1 Electric Ducted Fan Technology Overview - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/electric-ducted-fan - **Focus**: Aero-acoustic design principles, boundary layer ingestion (BLI), diffusion ratios, and structural nacelle integration. ### 4.2 Custom Electric Ducted Fan Engineering & Specification Builder - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/custom-electric-ducted-fan - **Focus**: Tailored aerodynamic design, non-standard nacelle geometry, custom mounting trunnions, and our interactive online propulsion specification tool that calculates required thrust, rotor diameter, and motor kW based on airframe takeoff weight and hover time requirements. ### 4.3 Engineering & Flight Testing Services - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/service - **Focus**: - Low-speed and high-speed wind tunnel aerodynamic characterization. - Multi-axis static thrust dynamometer testing (0–15 kN). - Acoustic chamber noise certification (ISO 3744 / FAA Part 36 standards). - Thermal endurance and environmental chamber testing (-40°C to +70°C). --- ## 5. Dedicated Industry Application Solutions ### 5.1 eVTOL Aircraft Propulsion Systems - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/evtol-propulsion-system - **Application**: Urban air taxis, air ambulances, and passenger shuttles. - **Key Features**: Compliant with sub-65 dBA noise requirements at 100 m altitude; distributed redundancy (8-16 units); dual-winding permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) preventing sudden loss of thrust. ### 5.2 Electric Aircraft Propulsion - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/electric-aircraft-propulsion - **Application**: 4-to-19 passenger regional electric aircraft and hybrid-electric demonstrators. - **Key Features**: High continuous cruise efficiency; high voltage DC architecture (800V+); high dynamic pressure duct lips minimizing drag during Mach 0.3–0.5 cruise. ### 5.3 Heavy-Lift Drone Propulsion - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/heavy-lift-drone-propulsion - **Application**: Industrial heavy logistics, ship-to-shore naval delivery, offshore oil rig replenishment, and disaster relief. - **Key Features**: Massive low-speed static thrust; structural nacelles capable of withstanding turbulent maritime winds; robust 500 kgf and 1000 kgf powertrain configurations. ### 5.4 Commercial & Industrial Drone Propulsion - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/commercial-industrial-drone-propulsion - **Application**: High-voltage power line inspection, pipeline monitoring, forestry firefighting, and persistent security surveillance. - **Key Features**: All-weather IP67 sealed housings, active stator cooling, rapid throttle response for precise station-keeping in gusty conditions (up to Beaufort Scale 8). ### 5.5 VTOL Fixed-Wing Drone Propulsion - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/vtol-fixed-wing-drone-propulsion - **Application**: Long-range mapping, corridor survey, border patrol, and surveillance. - **Key Features**: Optimized for Lift+Cruise or vectored thrust configurations; zero thrust-decay during transition flight between hover and wing-borne aerodynamic cruise. ### 5.6 Long-Range Drone Propulsion - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/long-range-drone-propulsion - **Application**: Cross-regional delivery drones and extended endurance UAVs. - **Key Features**: Minimizes specific energy consumption ($Wh/kg\cdot km$); lightweight carbon fiber prepreg ducts; integrated regenerative air cooling. ### 5.7 Drone Electric Propulsion Overview - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/solutions/drone-electric-propulsion - **Application**: Complete powertrain selection from battery pack, inverter/ESC, motor, to ducted rotor. - **Key Features**: Turnkey electric propulsion packages with integrated CAN/RS485/PWM telemetry monitoring voltage, current, motor temperature, and vibration frequencies in real time. --- ## 6. Regional Corridors & Extreme Weather Engineering (Middle East / GCC) ### 6.1 UAE & Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Operations - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/regions/uae - **Mission**: Supporting UAE’s smart mobility strategy and Dubai’s Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) deployment. Focuses on sandstorm-resistant ducted systems, heat-tolerant motor windings, and rapid regional delivery corridors. ### 6.2 Saudi Arabia Operations - **URL**: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/regions/saudi-arabia - **Mission**: Driving clean low-altitude logistics for Saudi Vision 2030, NEOM logistics, and Red Sea archipelago transport. Tailored for desert heatwaves exceeding 50°C and remote industrial infrastructure. ### 6.3 Desert Environmental Testing Protocol - **High-Temperature Thermal Margin**: Motors wound with Class H (180°C) insulation and high-temperature neodymium magnets (NdFeB 48UH/52H) resisting thermal demagnetization up to 180°C. - **Sand & Dust Ingress Protection**: Labyrinth seal bearings with fluororubber O-rings and hydrophobic nano-coatings on stator windings, verified through 100+ hours of continuous sand-air mixture ingestion tests. --- ## 7. Aerospace Technical Whitepapers & Engineering Articles 1. **Ducted Fan vs. Open Propeller in eVTOL**: - URL: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/blog/electric-ducted-fan-vs-propeller-evtol - Core Topic: Efficiency curves, acoustic frequency spectrums, and safety comparisons. 2. **60kgf to 1000kgf EDF Sizing and Selection Guide**: - URL: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/blog/60kg-to-1000kg-thrust-edf-selection-guide - Core Topic: Equations for hover disk loading, power margins, and mission profiles. 3. **Desert Air Mobility & Extreme Temperature Propulsion Testing**: - URL: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/blog/high-temperature-sandstorm-propulsion-testing - Core Topic: Laboratory sand blast chamber results, cooling airflow channel redesign. 4. **Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) Architecture**: - URL: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/blog/distributed-electric-propulsion-future-air-mobility - Core Topic: Aerodynamic blown-wing lift multipliers, thrust vectoring, failure recovery. 5. **Drone Payload Capacity & Propulsion Sizing**: - URL: https://www.yuntutech.net/en/blog/how-much-weight-can-a-drone-carry-propulsion-sizing - Core Topic: Practical formulas for MTOW calculations, payload fractions, and flight time estimations. --- ## 8. Custom Engineering Process When partners require non-standard propulsion units: 1. **Requirements Analysis**: Airframe geometry, cruise airspeed, hover altitude (MSL), temperature envelope, and electrical bus constraints. 2. **CFD Aerodynamic Design**: High-fidelity RANS/DES simulations optimizing duct lip radius, diffuser angle, and blade twist profiles. 3. **Aero-Structural FEA & Thermal Analysis**: Carbon composite ply orientation, harmonic resonance analysis, and motor stator heat dissipation. 4. **Hardware Prototyping**: 5-axis CNC machining of aerospace aluminum hubs, autoclave-cured carbon fiber ducts, and dynamic rotor balancing (<0.5 mm/s). 5. **Rigorous Bench & Wind Tunnel Testing**: Full telemetry logging of thrust, torque, RPM, power, efficiency, and noise. 6. **Airframe Flight Integration & Delivery**: Technical on-site assistance for flight controller tuning, motor CAN-bus calibration, and flight envelope expansion. --- ## 9. Contact & Business Inquiries - **Engineering Inquiries & OEM Procurement**: `service@yuntutech.net` - **Direct Phone / WhatsApp**: `+86-13488708445` - **Headquarters**: Hangzhou Yuntu Air Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China - **Official Portals**: - Global English: https://www.yuntutech.net/en - Chinese (中文): https://www.yuntutech.net/zh - Arabic (العربية): https://www.yuntutech.net/ar